M5Stack Gauges for Boats

Hans-J.

Hello,

this is my first post in this forum. I am pretty new to this product and not very experienced in Arduino programing. So I need your help in order to finalize my project. I do need several gauges for my boat. So I decided to try the M5Stack which allows me to display 3 different gauges on one display by simply pressing one of the three buttons. As a start I used the example "TFT_Meter_linear". So far the functionality is given. However, I would like to rotate the scale and the pointer. The command "tft.setRotation()" doesn't do it. I would appreciate if someone could give me a hint on which values I have to manipulate in order to get the desired result. I have attached a picture of the current and the required display as well as the code

Best regards
image url)

 
 
 An example analogue meter using a ILI9341 TFT LCD screen

 Needs Font 2 (also Font 4 if using large scale label)

 Make sure all the display driver and pin comnenctions are correct by
 editting the User_Setup.h file in the TFT_eSPI library folder.

 #########################################################################
 ###### DON'T FORGET TO UPDATE THE User_Setup.h FILE IN THE LIBRARY ######
 #########################################################################
 
Updated by Bodmer for variable meter size
 */

// Define meter size as 1 for M5.Lcd.rotation(0) or 1.3333 for M5.Lcd.rotation(1)
#define M_SIZE 1.3333

#include <M5Stack.h>

#define ADC_Calibration_Value1 250.0 // For resistor measure 5 Volt and 180 Ohm equals 100% plus 1K resistor.
#define ADCpin1 35  // Potentiometer is connected to GPIO 35 (Analog ADC1_CH7) 
// add a 1k Resistor from pin 35 to +5V and a Diode from GND to pin 35 (Cathode)
// a 10µf cap from GND to pin 35 may reduce a noisy needle

#define TFT_GREY 0x5AEB

float ltx = 0;    // Saved x coord of bottom of needle
uint16_t osx = M_SIZE*120, osy = M_SIZE*120; // Saved x & y coords
uint32_t updateTime = 0;       // time for next update

int old_analog =  -999; // Value last displayed

int value[6] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
int old_value[6] = { -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1};
int d = 0;

// variable for storing the potentiometer value
int potValue = 0;

void setup(void) {
  M5.begin();
  M5.Power.begin();
  // M5.Lcd.setRotation(1);
  // Serial.begin(57600); // For debug
  M5.Lcd.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);

  analogMeter(); // Draw analogue meter

  updateTime = millis(); // Next update time

}

//*****************************************************************************
// ReadADC is used to improve the linearity of the ESP32 ADC see: https://github.com/G6EJD/ESP32-ADC-Accuracy-Improvement-function
double ReadADC(byte pin) {
  double reading = analogRead(pin); // Reference voltage is 3v3 so maximum reading is 3v3 = 4095 in range 0 to 4095
  if (reading < 1 || reading > 4095) return 0;
  // return -0.000000000009824 * pow(reading,3) + 0.000000016557283 * pow(reading,2) + 0.000854596860691 * reading + 0.065440348345433;
  return (-0.000000000000016 * pow(reading, 4) + 0.000000000118171 * pow(reading, 3) - 0.000000301211691 * pow(reading, 2) + 0.001109019271794 * reading + 0.034143524634089) * 1000;
} 
// Added an improved polynomial, use either, comment out as required

void loop() {

  potValue = ReadADC(ADCpin1) * ADC_Calibration_Value1 / 4096;

 Serial.print(ReadADC(ADCpin1));                   // print raw value
 Serial.print(" ");                                // tab
 Serial.println(potValue);                         // print final value 
 
 delay(200); // to smoothen the pointer

  
  plotNeedle(potValue, 0);

}

// #########################################################################
//  Draw the analogue meter on the screen
// #########################################################################
void analogMeter()
{

  // Meter outline
  M5.Lcd.fillRect(0, 0, M_SIZE*239, M_SIZE*126, TFT_GREY);
  M5.Lcd.fillRect(5, 3, M_SIZE*230, M_SIZE*119, TFT_WHITE);

  M5.Lcd.setTextColor(TFT_BLACK);  // Text colour

  // Draw ticks every 5 degrees from -50 to +50 degrees (100 deg. FSD swing)
  for (int i = -50; i < 51; i += 5) {
    // Long scale tick length
    int tl = 15;

    // Coodinates of tick to draw
    float sx = cos((i - 90) * 0.0174532925);
    float sy = sin((i - 90) * 0.0174532925);
    uint16_t x0 = sx * (M_SIZE*100 + tl) + M_SIZE*120;
    uint16_t y0 = sy * (M_SIZE*100 + tl) + M_SIZE*140;
    uint16_t x1 = sx * M_SIZE*100 + M_SIZE*120;
    uint16_t y1 = sy * M_SIZE*100 + M_SIZE*140;

    // Coordinates of next tick for zone fill
    float sx2 = cos((i + 5 - 90) * 0.0174532925);
    float sy2 = sin((i + 5 - 90) * 0.0174532925);
    int x2 = sx2 * (M_SIZE*100 + tl) + M_SIZE*120;
    int y2 = sy2 * (M_SIZE*100 + tl) + M_SIZE*140;
    int x3 = sx2 * M_SIZE*100 + M_SIZE*120;
    int y3 = sy2 * M_SIZE*100 + M_SIZE*140;

    // Green zone limits
    if (i >= -50 && i < 0) {
      M5.Lcd.fillTriangle(x0, y0, x1, y1, x2, y2, TFT_GREEN);
      M5.Lcd.fillTriangle(x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, TFT_GREEN);
    }

    // Red zone limits
    if (i >= 0 && i <50) {
      M5.Lcd.fillTriangle(x0, y0, x1, y1, x2, y2, TFT_RED);
      M5.Lcd.fillTriangle(x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, TFT_RED);
    }

    // Short scale tick length
    if (i % 25 != 0) tl = 8;

    // Recalculate coords incase tick lenght changed
    x0 = sx * (M_SIZE*100 + tl) + M_SIZE*120;
    y0 = sy * (M_SIZE*100 + tl) + M_SIZE*140;
    x1 = sx * M_SIZE*100 + M_SIZE*120;
    y1 = sy * M_SIZE*100 + M_SIZE*140;

    // Draw tick
    M5.Lcd.drawLine(x0, y0, x1, y1, TFT_BLACK);

    // Check if labels should be drawn, with position tweaks
    if (i % 25 == 0) {
      // Calculate label positions
      x0 = sx * (M_SIZE*100 + tl + 10) + M_SIZE*120;
      y0 = sy * (M_SIZE*100 + tl + 10) + M_SIZE*140;
      switch (i / 25) {
        case -2: M5.Lcd.drawCentreString("40", x0, y0 - 12, 2); break;
        case -1: M5.Lcd.drawCentreString("20", x0, y0 - 9, 2); break;
        case 0: M5.Lcd.drawCentreString("CTR", x0, y0 - 7, 2); break;
        case 1: M5.Lcd.drawCentreString("20", x0, y0 - 9, 2); break;
        case 2: M5.Lcd.drawCentreString("40", x0, y0 - 12, 2); break;
      }
    }

    // Now draw the arc of the scale
    sx = cos((i + 5 - 90) * 0.0174532925);
    sy = sin((i + 5 - 90) * 0.0174532925);
    x0 = sx * M_SIZE*100 + M_SIZE*120;
    y0 = sy * M_SIZE*100 + M_SIZE*140;
    // Draw scale arc, don't draw the last part
    if (i < 50) M5.Lcd.drawLine(x0, y0, x1, y1, TFT_BLACK);
  }

  M5.Lcd.drawString("Port", M_SIZE*(5 + 230 - 40), M_SIZE*(119 - 20), 2); // Label at bottom right
  M5.Lcd.drawString("STBD", M_SIZE*(5 + 60 - 40), M_SIZE*(119 - 20), 2); // Label at bottom left
  M5.Lcd.drawCentreString("Rudder", M_SIZE*120, M_SIZE*70, 4); // Comment out to avoid font 4
  M5.Lcd.drawRect(5, 3, M_SIZE*230, M_SIZE*119, TFT_BLACK); // Draw bezel line

  plotNeedle(0, 0); // Put meter needle at 0
}

// #########################################################################
// Update needle position
// This function is blocking while needle moves, time depends on ms_delay
// 10ms minimises needle flicker if text is drawn within needle sweep area
// Smaller values OK if text not in sweep area, zero for instant movement but
// does not look realistic... (note: 100 increments for full scale deflection)
// #########################################################################
void plotNeedle(int value, byte ms_delay)
{

  if (value < -10) value = -10; // Limit value to emulate needle end stops
  if (value > 110) value = 110;

  // Move the needle until new value reached
  while (!(value == old_analog)) {
    if (old_analog < value) old_analog++;
    else old_analog--;

    if (ms_delay == 0) old_analog = value; // Update immediately if delay is 0

    float sdeg = map(old_analog, -10, 110, -150, -30); // Map value to angle
    // Calcualte tip of needle coords
    float sx = cos(sdeg * 0.0174532925);
    float sy = sin(sdeg * 0.0174532925);

    // Calculate x delta of needle start (does not start at pivot point)
    float tx = tan((sdeg + 90) * 0.0174532925);

    // Erase old needle image
    M5.Lcd.drawLine(M_SIZE*(120 + 20 * ltx - 1), M_SIZE*(140 - 20), osx - 1, osy, TFT_WHITE);
    M5.Lcd.drawLine(M_SIZE*(120 + 20 * ltx), M_SIZE*(140 - 20), osx, osy, TFT_WHITE);
    M5.Lcd.drawLine(M_SIZE*(120 + 20 * ltx + 1), M_SIZE*(140 - 20), osx + 1, osy, TFT_WHITE);
    M5.Lcd.drawLine(M_SIZE*(120 + 20 * ltx), M_SIZE*(140 - 20), osx, osy, TFT_WHITE);
    M5.Lcd.drawLine(M_SIZE*(120 + 20 * ltx + 1), M_SIZE*(140 - 20), osx + 1, osy, TFT_WHITE);

    // Re-plot text under needle
    M5.Lcd.setTextColor(TFT_BLACK);
    M5.Lcd.drawCentreString("Rudder", M_SIZE*120, M_SIZE*70, 4); // // Comment out to avoid font 4

    // Store new needle end coords for next erase
    ltx = tx;
    osx = M_SIZE*(sx * 98 + 120);
    osy = M_SIZE*(sy * 98 + 140);

    // Draw the needle in the new postion, magenta makes needle a bit bolder
    // draws 5 lines to thicken needle
    M5.Lcd.drawLine(M_SIZE*(120 + 20 * ltx - 1), M_SIZE*(140 - 20), osx - 1, osy, TFT_RED);
    M5.Lcd.drawLine(M_SIZE*(120 + 20 * ltx), M_SIZE*(140 - 20), osx, osy, TFT_MAGENTA);
    M5.Lcd.drawLine(M_SIZE*(120 + 20 * ltx + 1), M_SIZE*(140 - 20), osx + 1, osy, TFT_RED);
    M5.Lcd.drawLine(M_SIZE*(120 + 20 * ltx), M_SIZE*(140 - 20), osx, osy, TFT_MAGENTA);
    M5.Lcd.drawLine(M_SIZE*(120 + 20 * ltx + 1), M_SIZE*(140 - 20), osx + 1, osy, TFT_RED);

    // Slow needle down slightly as it approaches new postion
    if (abs(old_analog - value) < 10) ms_delay += ms_delay / 5;

    // Wait before next update
    delay(ms_delay);
  }
}
``

AndyT

Sorry can't help your question. But would like to thank you for your code. Which i have adapted to display temperatures.

macsbug

Add the following to void loop ().

void loop() {
M5.update();
if(M5.BtnA.wasPressed()){M5.Lcd.setRotation(3);M5.Lcd.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);analogMeter();}
if(M5.BtnC.wasPressed()){M5.Lcd.setRotation(1);M5.Lcd.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);analogMeter();}