@Juraj I can share my issue and solution using an M5Core3SE and a Win11 computer.
When I connected the M5 to the USB-A port on the PC using a USB-A to USB-C cable, I got power, but no COM ports.
When I connected the M5 to the USB-C port on the PC (using a USB-C to USB-C cable), BOOM: COM port.
I haven't dug into it to see particularly why (best guess right now is the M5 connection uses both the legacy USB 2.0 connection as well as the SuperSpeed connection: one for the terminal and one for the M5 program data stream?)
Hope this helps.